When a person has a disease, interactions within a cell go wrong and lead to its death. The scientists say that it will become possible to manipulate these interactions.
You can read about this research in the journal Molecular Cell.
Our cells kill themselves by a programmed form of cell death called 'apoptosis'. If you are healthy there is a balance between cells that die and new cells - for every million cells that you lose you create a million new ones.
When the normal apoptosis process fails there is an imbalance. This is common in such diseases as cancer, Parkinson's desease and some auto-immune diseases such as lupus.
A complex cellular machine called protease regulates the life cycle of a cell. Protease controls the balance of proteins in a cell. Proteasome targets proteins, which are no longer needed, for destruction. This process keeps the cell alive.
When the cell wants to self destruct it releases enzymes called caspases. Caspases disable part of the protease which has the ability to tag proteins. Proteins build up in the cell, the cell eventually dies.
According to the team from Leicester University, UK, the aim is to eventually be able to pinpoint this procedure and then find ways to manipulate it to treat disease.
In cases like cancer, the apoptosis process could be amplified so that the cells die off. With cancer, the cells often fail to die off when they should.
Lead researcher Professor Gerald Cohen, Leicester University, UK, said "This new research takes us a step closer to understanding how cells die. The challenge now is to use this knowledge to work towards finding new drugs and treatments for the many common diseases and conditions which occur when cell death goes wrong."
According to some experts, this could help us stop cancer cells in their tracks.
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